November 2025 – Page 2 – My WordPress Site

Representative samples from selected Mars-Bench datasets, from all three task categories. -- cs.CV

Artemis & Lunar Exploration, Away Teams & Field Reports, Imaging & Spectroscopy, Mapping, Geodesy, Cartography, Missions & Hardware, Robotics/Rovers/UAVs

Mars-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Foundation Models for Mars Science Tasks

by Keith CowingNovember 28, 2025November 28, 2025

Top panel: Generalized Lomb–Scargle (GLS) periodogram of the TOI-1611 b O−C transit times, with the best periodicity highlighted by a red vertical line. Bottom panel: O−C measurements over time, with the best-fitting sinusoidal model shown in red. -- astro-ph.EP

Astronomy & Telescopes, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy

A Homogeneous TTV Investigation Of All TESS Systems With A Confirmed Single Transiting Planet

by Keith CowingNovember 28, 2025

Two models adapted for equilibrium conditions between magma ocean, atmosphere, and disk gas in the formation stage (Section 2.7). (A) case with an exchange of hydrogen and helium between the planetary atmosphere and disk gas. (B) case without exchange of hydrogen and helium between the planetary atmosphere and disk gas, where the atmosphere unilaterally accretes onto the planet. -- astro-ph.EP

Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Imaging & Spectroscopy

Helium Depletion in Escaping Atmospheres of Sub-Neptunes: A Signature of Primary-to-Secondary Transition

by Keith CowingNovember 28, 2025November 28, 2025

Top: Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) model and 2σ credible regions from ExoTR retrievals on the fiducial reduction, overlaid with data binned at ∆λ = 0.05 µm. Also shown are the contributions from each molecule and clouds to the transmission spectrum. Bottom: 1D histograms of the posterior distributions from the retrieval results, including the median and ±1σ uncertainties (i.e. 16th and 84th percentiles).-- astro-ph.EP

Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants

Methane On The Temperate Exo-Saturn TOI-199b

by Keith CowingNovember 28, 2025November 28, 2025

Experimental set-up for Trial A within the southwestern section of the FLIES lab greenhouse. Pea plants were randomly arranged in eight 2 × 3 arrays atop a rolling mesh-top bench. Each pot sat on a paper plate to prevent runoff, and 40% shade cloth was suspended 0.76 m above the bench to mitigate excess solar exposure. -- biorxiv.org

Gravitational Biology, Life Support Systems, Microgravity, Plant Biology, Space Agriculture, Space Life Science

Peas on Mars: A Study Of Garden Pea, Lathyrus Oleraceus (Pisum sativum), Growth In Martian Regolith Simulant Treated With Black Soldier Fly Frass

by Keith CowingNovember 28, 2025November 28, 2025

Top: Same as Figure 3, but for TIC 80127634, which is a G star that exhibits high amplitude variations that is used for the water loss simulations. Left: Orbit architecture of a hypothetical Earth-like planet in a circular orbit within the HZ of TIC 80127634. The black circle shows the simulated planet orbit. The light shaded region shows the CHZ and the dark shaded region shows the larger bounds of the OHZ. Right: Percent change in the incident flux received by the hypothetical Earth-like planet. -- astro-ph.EP

Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Habitable Zones, Space Weather & Heliophysics, Stellar Cartography

Planetary Habitability Under The Light Of A Rapidly Changing Star

by Keith CowingNovember 27, 2025

The three-layer diagram of the outcome of our model.

Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Brown Dwarfs, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Gas Giants

Efficiency of Hydrodynamic Atmospheric Escape in Hot Jupiters and Super Earths

by Keith CowingNovember 27, 2025November 27, 2025

Examples of interior scenarios consistent with the bulk properties of TOI-270 d, spanning different atmospheric temperature structures and water mass fractions. The thickness of the layers are not to scale. -- astro-ph.EP

Astrogeology, Atmospheres, Climate, Weather, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Exoplanets, -moons, -comets, Water/Hycean Worlds & Oceanography

The Surface and Interior Conditions of Temperate Sub-Neptune TOI-270 d

by Keith CowingNovember 27, 2025November 27, 2025

The illustration shows a cutaway revealing the interior of early Earth with a hot, melted layer above the boundary between the core and mantle. Scientists think some material from the core leaked into this molten layer and mixed in. Over time, that mixing helped create the uneven structure of Earth’s mantle that we see today. Illustration by Yoshinori Miyazaki

Astrogeology, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Habitable Zones

Strange Anomalies In Earth’s Molten Beginnings And Its Unique Habitability

by Keith CowingNovember 27, 2025

Concentrations are shown in µg/kg. Black circles represent seawater sampling locations; red stars denote the shoreline position of microbialite sampling transects (coordinates listed in Supplementary Table 3). Black lines represent boundaries of provinces in Hamelin Pool as previously defined32. The map is overlaid on Copernicus Sentinel data (2025) accessed via Copernicus Browser (CC BY 4.0). -- Nature Communications

Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Biogeochemical Cycles & Geobiology, Biosignatures & Paleobiology, Microbiology & Virology

Arsenic Enrichment Patterns Are Defined By Microbialite Morphology, Fabric, And Accretion Mechanism.

by Keith CowingNovember 27, 2025November 27, 2025